Onomatopoeia
A word that imitates the sound it represents. It gomes from a Greek word meaning "name-making". "Buzz," "hiss," "clang," and "boom" are all examples of onomatopoeia. The sounds associated with these examples literally make the meanings of the words.
We use onomatopoeia when we tell a Knock-Knock joke...
Knock-knock
Who's there?
Boo
Boo who?
Don't cry, I was only joking
(a fun example of onomatopoeia)
The book Mr. Brown Can Moo! Can You? by Dr. Seuss, is filled with types of onomatopoeia. Here is an example form the book...
He can go like horse feet
KLOPP KLOPP KLOPP
He can go EEK EEK
like a squeaky shoe.
Foreshadowing
The use of clues or hints to imply or allude what will happen later on in a story.
Authors often use foreshadowing to add suspense and to the plot and to keep the reader intrigued and prepared for events later to come in the story.
Here is and example of foreshadowing from Charlotte's Webb by E. B. White:
Early in the story, Charlotte (a spider who lives in the rafters of the barn) explains to Wilbur (a pig) that all living things eventually die. This discussion (foreshadowing) sets the stage for the main plot struggle, which is saving Wilbur from the slaughterhouse. To do this, Charlotte weaves webs over the barn door with messages that amaze the humans and eventually spares Wilbur's life. In the process of spinning her webs and becoming a new mother, Charlotte expends all her energy and dies, just as she had hinted to Wilbur at the beginning of the book.
Works Sited:
http://www.tnellen.com/cybereng/lit_terms/onomatopoeia.html
http://www.tnellen.com/cybereng/lit_terms/foreshadowing.html